John Davidson

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October 14, 2007 : Tithonia tubiformis

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Keywords: Asteraceae | Tithonia tubiformis (Jacq.) Cass.| near San Miguel de Allende, Mexico

Tithonia tubiformis
Tithonia tubiformis

Once again, thank you to David Tarrant for sending along images of a species poorly-documented on the web.

The Mexican common name for this species is palocote. It is often considered an agricultural weed, and is indeed featured on the Weeds of Mexico site (with a series of photographs): Tithonia tubiformis. An illustration of the species is also online, via Missouri Botanical Garden's Rare Books scanning project.

Epianthropochory. It's a new word for me. It means dispersal of seeds by and on humans (think burrs or seeds with awns that get stuck on socks or shoelaces). Tithonia tubiformis is listed as one of the species that uses these methods in Vibrans, H. 1999. Epianthropochory in Mexican weed communities. American Journal of Botany. 86:476-481. If you shy away from reading the scientific papers I occasionally suggest as resources, I suggest giving this one a try as I think you'll find it quite readable (and interesting). The paper discusses the prevalence and distribution of large adhesive-fruited weeds in agricultural areas of Mexico, and culminates with questions about the origin and evolution of these species.

Posted by Daniel Mosquin at October 14, 2007 7:03 AM

Comments

...or read recent comments on all BPotD Entries

That's the display technique, both a general panoramic view of the whole plant or community as well as a structure defining close up almost a macroscopic view.
..........................Which reminds me......
Here's a challenge as I am neither a photographer especially not with dig. cam. nor comp. guru, ie dont know how to send one even if I could use the camera.
My homonymous father wrote a research paper about the distinguishing features of Eastern Red White and Black Spruce seedlings or cotyledons, so it has to be somebody with a magnification camera in Eastern Canada the Maritimes Quebec or Ontario. These are either nothing for White or else colourless hairs, a rusty smudge on the leaf surface or on the hairs for Red, and black nodule tipped hairs for Black Spruce seedlings respectively.
These are apparently not visible with the naked eye with the plant in hand, but are easily perceived even with a simple magnifying glass. Hence the need for a macroscope or a macroscopic attachment.
I dont know about Western spruces.

Posted by: Alexander Jablanczy at October 14, 2007 11:15 AM

As usual, David Tarrant uses his fine photographer's eye to show us an under-documented plant worthy of our consideration (and Daniel invites us to dig deeper with excellent web resources).

David frequently sees in many plants what others do not see. The Tithonia on the fence-line is a weed, just another yellow composite, but his artistic (and artful) composition goes beyond the mere recording of botanical characteristics and habitat. I'm sure I'm not the only person who considered whether there was somewhere in my own garden I could grow this? or whether anyone's used it in breeding work? or what other plants grow in this are that might also be worth looking at? (We know some of them thanks to David's previous postings.) Let's hope he keeps the pictures coming.

An aside: The botanical garden community is all about collaboration. I'm constantly amazed by the generosity of people--the talented contributers to Botany Photo of the Day and to the Botanical Garden Forums, for example. But I'm especially thankful to the legions of volunteers, mostly unseen by outsiders, that make botanical gardens vibrant and viable. When he was working at UBC, David Tarrant spent much of his time encouraging and mentoring our staff and volunteer Friends of the Garden, as well as reaching out to the widest range of people (from the homeless to garden cognoscenti), teaching and interpreting plants and generally motivating people with his incredible passion for horticulture. Thanks, David. I'm still inspired.

Posted by: Douglas Justice at October 14, 2007 11:57 AM

I enjoyed the article--it wasn't too difficult to read as you said. Thanks for posting it.

Posted by: Meg Bernstein at October 14, 2007 3:10 PM

While humans (the fruit dispersal vector in question) arrived in middle America roughly 15,000 years ago, it is hard to believe that the 'stick-tights' would have found humans to be a selective advantage. I recall the darned things clinging to the blue jeans and socks of my youth - yet NOT to my legs when I wore shorts - while my bare legs would be clear, the darn things would just COVER my socks and shoestrings.

Socks would have arrived with the Spanish in the 16th century, alhtough were not likely widely represented among the people of northern Mexico. Beginning in the late 1930's with the process of circular weaving, socks became much cheaper and more widely available. Still, not much time to work 'evolutionarily'.

Perhaps the Tithonia shows up on cultivated ground due to visits from 'stick tight' covered raccoons coming for a helping of squash or tomatoes?

Interesting theory. I'd be interested to know if a recent 'test' of native peoples walking among Tithonia in shorts/sandles or clothing traditional 500 years ago, would pick up many stick tights?

Keep posting! Keep us thinking!

Best.

Mike

Posted by: Mike Bush at October 15, 2007 11:58 AM

Please share your comments about the photograph(s) and accompanying write-up. Telling a story about the subject of the photograph(s) is also much appreciated! If you have a gardening question, the best place to ask is on the UBC Botanical Garden Forums. Thank you!

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